{"id":1238,"date":"2022-03-13T13:59:28","date_gmt":"2022-03-13T17:59:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/uncategorized-ro\/relativizanta-realitatea\/"},"modified":"2022-03-13T13:59:35","modified_gmt":"2022-03-13T17:59:35","slug":"relativizanta-realitatea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/ro\/articles-ro\/relativizanta-realitatea\/","title":{"rendered":"RELATIVIZANT\u0102 REALITATEA"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1238\" class=\"elementor elementor-1238 elementor-540\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9a4f19f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9a4f19f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f7485f0\" data-id=\"f7485f0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8796a3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8796a3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Articolul original a fost publicat <a href=\"https:\/\/fireuponthemountain.wordpress.com\/\">aici<\/a> \u00een 2015, aceast\u0103 versiune este revizuit\u0103 \u00een 2020.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5c2b22b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5c2b22b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b953819\" data-id=\"b953819\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a69b488 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a69b488\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b44c96f\" data-id=\"b44c96f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c44076 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3c44076\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/cave-2604672_640.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-544\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/cave-2604672_640.jpg 640w, https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/cave-2604672_640-300x207.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3b4dd5c\" data-id=\"3b4dd5c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-850be81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"850be81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00cen<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allegory_of_the_cave\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">alegoria pe\u0219terii<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Platon ne introduce \u00een metafora vie\u021bii \u00een lumin\u0103, spre deosebire de via\u021ba \u00een \u00eentuneric \u0219i umbre. Am interpretat \u201elumina\u201d ca pe un adev\u0103r \u0219i semnifica\u021bie dezirabile, iar \u201eumbre\u201d ca stare de ignoran\u021b\u0103 care duce la o suferin\u021b\u0103 nedorit\u0103. Este lumea din afara pe\u0219terii mai real\u0103 dec\u00e2t lumea din interiorul pe\u0219terii? Este un adev\u0103r mai real dec\u00e2t altul? Ce este realitatea? <\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aceste \u00eentreb\u0103ri \u0219i c\u0103utarea adev\u0103rului \u0219i a sensului mi-au tulburat adesea somnul \u0219i g\u00e2ndurile, iar acest articol este \u00eencercarea mea de a aduce ordine \u00een haos.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5119f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c5119f8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-179c52a\" data-id=\"179c52a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5989ad1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5989ad1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1dd91e5\" data-id=\"1dd91e5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd3fa08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd3fa08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aceast\u0103 \u00eentrebare a fost pus\u0103 de mul\u021bi filozofi \u0219i g\u00e2nditori, de la<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plato\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Platon<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00een<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_R%C3%A9publique\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Republica<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">p\u00e2n\u0103 la Stephen Hawkings \u00een cartea sa,<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Grand_Design_(book)\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Grand Design<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Hawkings discut\u0103 despre conceptul unui pe\u0219te auriu care tr\u0103ie\u0219te \u00een bolul s\u0103u curbat. Pentru pe\u0219tele auriu, exteriorul vasului este deformat, \u00een compara\u021bie cu exteriorul vasului. Cu toate acestea, aceast\u0103 realitate deformat\u0103 este un adev\u0103r pentru pe\u0219tele auriu, deoarece el poate dezvolta legi naturale care ar fi perfect rezonabile pe baza observa\u021biilor sale despre lumea exterioar\u0103. \u0218i astfel, din punct de vedere subiectiv al s\u0103rmanului pe\u0219te de aur, prizonierul vasului s\u0103u, cartografia \u0219i modelul s\u0103u de realitate, diferite de cele observate din exterior, au valoare de adev\u0103r egal\u0103. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-97ded3c\" data-id=\"97ded3c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2e56f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e2e56f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/anime-2585414_640.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-548\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/anime-2585414_640.jpg 640w, https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/anime-2585414_640-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/anime-2585414_640-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0cc7b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0cc7b6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7385b3e\" data-id=\"7385b3e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f24ede8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f24ede8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exist\u0103 un adev\u0103r universal? Pot exista. \u00cen mod paradoxal, s-ar putea s\u0103 nu \u0219tim niciodat\u0103 dac\u0103 exist\u0103. Chiar \u0219i \u00een fizic\u0103, ceva la fel de fundamental precum teoria gravita\u021biei nu poate fi considerat un adev\u0103r universal. Fizica newtonian\u0103 ne permite s\u0103 calcul\u0103m mi\u0219carea planetelor cu un grad ridicat de \u00eencredere, dar numai p\u00e2n\u0103 la o anumit\u0103 distan\u021b\u0103 sau timp. Dac\u0103 dimensiunea spa\u021bial\u0103 sau temporal\u0103 este prea mare, fizica newtonian\u0103 lipse\u0219te \u0219i trebuie s\u0103 folosim cea a lui Einstein. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theory_of_relativity\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">teoria relativitatii<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pentru a ob\u021bine un grad mai mare de precizie. Nici teoria relativit\u0103\u021bii nu este un adev\u0103r universal, pentru c\u0103 \u00een unele scenarii se contrazice <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quantum_mechanics\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mecanica cuantic\u0103<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ambele teorii sunt adev\u0103rate \u0219i s-au dovedit, conform experien\u021bei \u0219i observa\u021biilor. \u00cen fizic\u0103, ambele se afl\u0103 la extremele a ceea ce se \u0219tie despre foarte mare \u0219i foarte mic.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mi se pare mai \u00een\u021belept s\u0103 spun c\u0103 nu exist\u0103 un adev\u0103r universal. Tot ceea ce putem ob\u021bine sunt modele sau planuri care ating un nivel mai \u00eenalt de adev\u0103r dec\u00e2t alte modele. Fiin\u021bele umane experimenteaz\u0103 realitatea prin percep\u021biile lor senzoriale. Tot ce putem realiza este un model mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin corect al realit\u0103\u021bii, \u00een func\u021bie de caracteristicile pe care le posed\u0103m. Ceea ce face ca un model de realitate s\u0103 fie preferabil altuia ar trebui s\u0103 fie explorat \u00eenainte de a explora etica, morala, natura uman\u0103, politica sau orice alte \u00eentreb\u0103ri complexe despre ce este \u0219i ce ar trebui s\u0103 fie. Cred c\u0103 acesta este un pas important, deoarece formeaz\u0103 baza pentru o reflec\u021bie ulterioar\u0103. Dac\u0103 modelul nostru de realitate este corupt de mult zgomot sau dezinformare, atunci tot ceea ce se bazeaz\u0103 pe acesta este nesigur.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00cen acest articol, sunt interesat de dezvoltarea capacit\u0103\u021bii de a compara anumite \u201eh\u0103r\u021bi sau modele a ceea ce este adev\u0103rat\u201d unele cu altele. Presupun\u00e2nd c\u0103 tot ceea ce poate fi m\u0103surat \u00een universul nostru cunoscut este m\u0103surat \u00een raport cu altceva, un adev\u0103r ar trebui s\u0103 aib\u0103 o valoare relativ\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de un alt adev\u0103r care ar putea fi m\u0103surabil. \u00cen fizic\u0103 \u0219i \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, acest lucru se realizeaz\u0103 prin experimente. \u201eAdev\u0103rul\u201d c\u0103 P\u0103m\u00e2ntul este o sfer\u0103 este relativ mai adev\u0103rat dec\u00e2t \u201eadev\u0103rul\u201d c\u0103 P\u0103m\u00e2ntul este plat, dar mai pu\u021bin adev\u0103rat dec\u00e2t \u201eadev\u0103rul\u201d c\u0103 P\u0103m\u00e2ntul este un <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ellipsoid\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">elipsoid<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ceea ce pare a fi un adev\u0103r pentru o persoan\u0103 \u00een momentul prezent nu este altceva dec\u00e2t un model al realit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i, cel mai important, unele modele sunt mai bune dec\u00e2t altele atunci c\u00e2nd \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 dea sens lumii \u0219i s\u0103 ia decizii etice.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-50809cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"50809cb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-62b381b\" data-id=\"62b381b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-99e0e15 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"99e0e15\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f589c97\" data-id=\"f589c97\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9fe3f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d9fe3f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"152\" src=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/220px-Orlando-Ferguson-flat-earth-map_edit.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-552\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dea56ff\" data-id=\"dea56ff\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d473f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9d473f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/globe-2269653_640-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-556\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/globe-2269653_640-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/globe-2269653_640.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e1716d9\" data-id=\"e1716d9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65fc60b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"65fc60b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/planet-1348079_640-300x169.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-560\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/planet-1348079_640-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/planet-1348079_640.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3be7c8f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3be7c8f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-de5f5b6\" data-id=\"de5f5b6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf913c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf913c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un model de realitate se bazeaz\u0103 pe o multitudine de factori. Se bazeaz\u0103 pe credin\u021bele noastre a\u0219a cum sunt modelate de experien\u021bele noastre \u0219i completate de cultura noastr\u0103. Se poate baza pe \u0219tiin\u021bifice <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hypothesis\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ipoteze<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theory\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">teorii<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0219i<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scientific_laws\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">legi<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Se bazeaz\u0103 pe cuno\u0219tin\u021bele comune \u0219i pe opiniile majorit\u0103\u021bii, pe ceea ce este normal \u0219i pe ceea ce a fost \u00eentotdeauna. Un model de realitate evolueaz\u0103 \u00een timp pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce tot mai multe informa\u021bii dovedesc sau infirm\u0103 credin\u021bele noastre actuale. Unele modele sunt mai rigide dec\u00e2t altele pentru c\u0103 \u201eproprietarii\u201d lor sunt mai pu\u021bin \u00eenclina\u021bi s\u0103-\u0219i schimbe convingerile. Alte modele sunt mai fluide pentru c\u0103 proprietarii lor le place <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Descartes<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, se \u00eendoie\u0219te de tot, \u00ee\u0219i pun la \u00eendoial\u0103 convingerile, se lupt\u0103 s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 realitatea.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce noi date \u0219i observa\u021bii devin disponibile, pot fi necesare \u0219i dezvoltate modele diferite. Drept urmare, modelele care descriu acela\u0219i fenomen sau situa\u021bie se ciocnesc adesea unele cu altele. Modelele noi, netestate, se confrunt\u0103 cu modelele mai vechi, consacrate. Este necesar un cadru pentru compararea acestor modele. <\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Am identificat c\u00e2teva caracteristici mai pu\u021bin preferate care ar trebui evitate \u00een modelul de realitate:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Modelul se bazeaz\u0103 \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 pe experien\u021be de pl\u0103cere \u0219i suferin\u021b\u0103. Acestea sunt u\u0219or de influen\u021bat \u0219i nu sunt de \u00eencredere. Pe parcursul evolu\u021biei, ne-am adaptat s\u0103 r\u0103spundem pozitiv la senza\u021biile pl\u0103cute \u0219i negativ la senza\u021biile dureroase \u0219i nepl\u0103cute. Dar ceea ce ar fi putut crea un model relativ bun al realit\u0103\u021bii \u00een stadiile incipiente ale evolu\u021biei speciei noastre nu se aplic\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 neap\u0103rat. Lumea era atunci o alt\u0103 lume, mai grea, iar resursele erau mult mai rare dec\u00e2t sunt ast\u0103zi. <\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Modelul se bazeaz\u0103 pe convingeri sau opinii personale puternice, spre deosebire de faptele \u0219tiin\u021bifice. Dac\u0103 credin\u021bele se bazeaz\u0103 pe o teorie \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103, sus\u021binut\u0103 de fapte dovedite prin experien\u021b\u0103, ele ar putea fi valabile. Totu\u0219i, convingerile care se bazeaz\u0103 pe interesul propriu sau pe opiniile maselor, \u00een special cele bazate pe ceea ce este considerat normal, sunt mai pu\u021bin de preferat, deoarece normalitatea este un concept subiectiv cultural care nu exist\u0103.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inflexibilitate, apropiere \u0219i refuz de a se schimba. Ata\u0219a\u021bi de vechile credin\u021be, de r\u0103d\u0103cinile lor \u0219i de trecut, unii oameni refuz\u0103 s\u0103-\u0219i adapteze modelul de realitate chiar \u0219i atunci c\u00e2nd sunt expu\u0219i la informa\u021bii noi. Noile informa\u021bii pot prezenta informa\u021bii contradictorii \u00een raport cu propria paradigm\u0103 actual\u0103. Unii merg \u0219i mai departe \u00een negare, refuz\u00e2nd s\u0103 caute noi informa\u021bii sau chiar s\u0103 fie expu\u0219i la acestea \u00een vreun fel. Un semn bun \u00een acest sens este impresia c\u0103 cineva nu a gre\u0219it niciodat\u0103, nu a gre\u0219it niciodat\u0103 sau a regretat nimic.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6c43d29 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6c43d29\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c202a28\" data-id=\"c202a28\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea2d7e8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea2d7e8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f49eb5\" data-id=\"9f49eb5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1971f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1971f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aceste caracteristici negative au fost influen\u021bate de<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evolutionary_psychology\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">psihologia evolu\u021bionist\u0103<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, dar nu pretind c\u0103 totul \u00een psihologia evolu\u021bionist\u0103 este adev\u0103rat. Psihologia evolu\u021bionist\u0103 \u00een sine este un model al realit\u0103\u021bii. Se \u021bine cont de faptul c\u0103 oamenii sunt animale, cu istorii biologice scrise \u00een gene adaptate prin evolu\u021bie la un anumit stil de via\u021b\u0103. Suprapus acestei \u201epove\u0219ti genetice\u201d profunde este un alt strat. Ce \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m de la p\u0103rin\u021bii no\u0219tri, de la societate \u0219i din experien\u021bele noastre. Toate mamiferele, inclusiv noi, sunt creaturi foarte adaptabile care pot evolua \u00een diferite medii \u0219i condi\u021bii dup\u0103 na\u0219tere. Studiul <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neuroscience\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">neurostiinta <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ne spune c\u0103 creierul unui bebelu\u0219 are mult mai multe sinapse dec\u00e2t al unui adult, dar cu mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin acela\u0219i num\u0103r de neuroni. Unele dintre conexiunile dintre neuroni sunt eliminate de <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Synaptic_pruning\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t\u0103ierea sinaptic\u0103<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, cre\u00e2nd un alt strat al pove\u0219tii noastre bazate pe cultur\u0103. Adaptabilitatea continu\u0103 de-a lungul vie\u021bii noastre \u0219i exist\u0103 dovezi c\u0103 ne putem modifica oarecum creierul <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neuroplasticity\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">neuroplasticitatea<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Cred c\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i istoriile noastre biologice pot fi dep\u0103\u0219ite prin for\u021ba voin\u021bei, de\u0219i se poate spune c\u0103 liberul arbitru este o iluzie. Acest lucru poate fi \u00eent\u0103rit de multe practici, a\u0219a cum au dovedit sfin\u021bii \u0219i c\u0103lug\u0103rii din \u00eentreaga lume de secole. O abordare dovedit\u0103 a cre\u0219terii puterii voin\u021bei \u0219i, prin urmare, a for\u021bei min\u021bii \u0219i a ra\u021biunii, este practica budist\u0103 a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">medita\u021bie<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mindfulness\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mindfulness<\/span><\/a> &#8230;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f366016\" data-id=\"f366016\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c93b30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1c93b30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/evolution-4107273_640.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-564\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/evolution-4107273_640.jpg 640w, https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/evolution-4107273_640-300x207.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7d869cc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7d869cc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1efe04f\" data-id=\"1efe04f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-319cbea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"319cbea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un model bun de realitate este acela care nu sufer\u0103 de caracteristicile de mai sus \u0219i se bazeaz\u0103 pe c\u00e2t posibil pe \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103. \u00cen \u0219tiin\u021bele mai bl\u00e2nde sau c\u00e2nd experimentul sau observarea nu este posibil, experimentele g\u00e2ndirii pot fi posibile. Modelul se poate baza pe multiplele opinii ale unui grup divers de g\u00e2nditori, care au dovedit c\u0103 depun eforturi mari pentru a se educa \u0219i a crea modele bune de realitate prin practicarea discern\u0103m\u00e2ntului \u0219i a g\u00e2ndirii critice. Ar trebui s\u0103 se bazeze pe o educa\u021bie solid\u0103 derivat\u0103 din lectura multor c\u0103r\u021bi \u0219i o dezbatere s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 care s\u0103 discute diferite puncte de vedere \u0219i mai multe subiecte. Se adapteaz\u0103 constant. Evolueaz\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd este expus la informa\u021bii noi \u0219i de \u00eencredere. \u00centotdeauna se caut\u0103 informa\u021bii noi, nu numai pentru a valida modelul, ci mai degrab\u0103 pentru a-l contesta. Pentru a-\u0219i men\u021bine valoarea superioar\u0103, un model trebuie s\u0103 fie permanent pus la \u00eendoial\u0103. Fiecare parte important\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 valoarea de adev\u0103r dovedit\u0103 \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 o invalideze. Dac\u0103 nu poate fi dovedit fals, dac\u0103 nu exist\u0103 dovezi solide \u00eempotriva lui, sunt \u0219anse s\u0103 fie bun, cel pu\u021bin p\u00e2n\u0103 la proba contrarie, sau p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd este m\u0103rit sau ajustat. De asemenea, este important s\u0103 preveni\u021bi <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naturalistic_fallacy\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">eroare naturalist\u0103<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> de la g\u0103sirea drumului \u00een modelul realit\u0103\u0163ii. Doar pentru c\u0103 ceva este natural nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 este etic sau moral. Natura poate fi frumoas\u0103 \u0219i poate func\u021biona mai bine dec\u00e2t am putea-o face vreodat\u0103 s\u0103 func\u021bioneze dup\u0103 miliarde de ani de evolu\u021bie, dar nu are moral\u0103, nici etic\u0103, nici concepte, nici bine \u0219i r\u0103u. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-caec90d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"caec90d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-207afaf\" data-id=\"207afaf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5921f12 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5921f12\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-386beaf\" data-id=\"386beaf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-134ce1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"134ce1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"301\" src=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/parallel-world-3488497_640.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-568\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/parallel-world-3488497_640.jpg 640w, https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/parallel-world-3488497_640-300x141.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-69eb8e1\" data-id=\"69eb8e1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13723ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13723ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aceast\u0103 reflec\u021bie a \u00eenceput cu o metafor\u0103 \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinat\u0103 \u00een fizic\u0103, iar alta o va \u00eencheia. Exist\u0103, \u00een lumea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103, un concept foarte asem\u0103n\u0103tor cu cel discutat aici. Se numeste <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Model-dependent_realism\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">realitate dependent\u0103 de model<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0219i a fost men\u021bionat pentru prima dat\u0103 de Stephen Hawking ca parte a ipotezei sale la o<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theory_of_everything\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">teorie a totul<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, numit\u0103<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M-theory\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M-Theory<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Teoria M se bazeaz\u0103 pe teoria corzilor, iar conceptul a fost discutat pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een cartea The Grand Design. Stephen Hawking ofer\u0103, de asemenea, caracteristici \u201ebune\u201d ale unui model:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este elegant<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Con\u021bine pu\u021bine elemente arbitrare sau reglabile<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este de acord cu \u0219i explic\u0103 toate observa\u021biile existente<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Face predic\u021bii detaliate despre observa\u021biile viitoare care pot infirma sau falsifica modelul dac\u0103 nu sunt confirmate.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7df3d60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7df3d60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Un al cincilea criteriu este men\u021bionat de Mark Colyvan atunci c\u00e2nd discut\u0103 <a style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Models_of_scientific_inquiry#Choice_of_a_theory\">alegerea unei teorii<\/a> :<\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este fructuoas\u0103: accentul lui Colyvan nu se pune doar pe predic\u021bie \u0219i falsificare, ci \u0219i pe seminalitatea unei teorii \u00een sugerarea lucr\u0103rilor viitoare (posibilitatea unor semin\u021be viitoare).<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d319437 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d319437\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a4f7f61\" data-id=\"a4f7f61\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0295f0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0295f0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Momentul prezent determin\u0103 tot ceea ce are sens. Trecutul poate ajuta la determinarea de ce lucrurile sunt a\u0219a cum sunt. Un model bun al realit\u0103\u021bii poate ajuta la prezicerea viitorului. Prin urmare, un model bun de realitate este \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinat \u00een trecut, ne face ferici\u021bi \u00een prezent \u0219i previne suferin\u021ba tuturor \u00een viitor. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Articolul original a fost publicat aici \u00een 2015, aceast\u0103 versiune este revizuit\u0103 \u00een 2020. \u00cen alegoria pe\u0219terii, Platon ne introduce \u00een metafora vie\u021bii \u00een lumin\u0103, spre deosebire de via\u021ba \u00een \u00eentuneric \u0219i umbre. Am interpretat \u201elumina\u201d ca pe un adev\u0103r \u0219i semnifica\u021bie dezirabile, iar \u201eumbre\u201d ca stare de ignoran\u021b\u0103 care duce la o suferin\u021b\u0103 nedorit\u0103. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>RELATIVIZANT\u0102 REALITATEA ~ Sorin Ionescu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sorinionescu.org\/ro\/articles-ro\/relativizanta-realitatea\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"RELATIVIZANT\u0102 REALITATEA ~ Sorin Ionescu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Articolul original a fost publicat aici \u00een 2015, aceast\u0103 versiune este revizuit\u0103 \u00een 2020. \u00cen alegoria pe\u0219terii, Platon ne introduce \u00een metafora vie\u021bii \u00een lumin\u0103, spre deosebire de via\u021ba \u00een \u00eentuneric \u0219i umbre. Am interpretat \u201elumina\u201d ca pe un adev\u0103r \u0219i semnifica\u021bie dezirabile, iar \u201eumbre\u201d ca stare de ignoran\u021b\u0103 care duce la o suferin\u021b\u0103 nedorit\u0103. 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